At present, the early rice production in the South China rice region and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is in a critical period of spring ploughing and will continue to enter the seeding and breeding stage. In view of the current characteristics of the southern climate and the actual production of early rice this year, the Ministry of Agriculture's rice expert technical guidance group put forward technical advice on southern early rice transplanting.
First, according to the weather conditions, timely planting. The "shock" has passed, and the weather in the southern region is picking up quickly. All localities must grab the farm time and speed up the spring planting. When the average temperature of the day stabilized through 12 ° C, grab the cold tail and warm the seed. In terms of variety selection, we must focus on the double-season rice annual production increase target, and do a good job of matching rice varieties in the morning and evening. In the planting time, the mid-Southern part of South China will be planted in the middle of March, the northern part of the end of March, the early early maturing variety or the northern mountainous area before and after the Ching Ming Festival; the early rice in the Yangtze River Basin should be planted in late March to early April, in which the planting is carried out. With the hand inserted early rice around March 25, the machine inserted rice at the end of March, the three-cooked hand-planted early rice was completed in early April.
Second, strengthen the classification management and improve the quality of seedlings. "Everything is good for half a year," and the cultivation of strong and strong is the basis for obtaining high yield. All localities should strengthen the management of the field after sowing. In case of continuous low temperature and rainy weather, it is necessary to uncover the film at the same time to prevent disease; if there is continuous high temperature (≥35 °C in the film), the film should be ventilated to prevent high temperature burning; if the weather suddenly changes from sunny to cloudy When it is necessary to ventilate the seedlings in time, the trampoline should be sprinkled or watered while uncovering the film. Drought and dry fields should be cleaned and drained, so that the rain can be used to dry the fields, and the advantages of dry roots and roots can be shaped. In the greenhouse, the fields are planted, especially the machine-planted fields are used to spray water to prevent the seedlings from losing water. . After ventilating and cultivating the seedlings, the seedlings are uniformly applied. Generally, 4 to 5 kg of urea is applied per mu of field, and 1 to 2 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is mixed. 5 to 7 days before transplanting, 1% to 2% of urea solution is used to deliver the martilization fertilizer. After application, the water is applied once or 3 to 5 days before transplanting, and the body fat is applied. Generally, 4 to 5 kg of urea is applied per mu of field. . When the seedlings in the greenhouse are blighted, spray the fungicide in time to prevent the disease from spreading.
Third, strengthen technical guidance to ensure the quality of planting. When the average temperature of the day stabilized through 15 °C, grab the sunny day. It is necessary to increase the quality of the cultivation by inserting the field into the field. Before transplanting, the field should be solid, and it should be inserted at an appropriate time, and the shallow insertion should be carried out to increase the density appropriately. The production age is generally 15 to 20 days. It is advisable to use a 25-centimeter row transplanter to avoid prolonging the slow seedling period caused by excessive age, and planting more than 20,000 holes per mu of early rice. Hand insert or throw the field to ensure the density of planting and increase the uniformity. The age of the common is 25~30 days, the high-yield field planting 20,000~2.5 million holes per acre, the hybrid rice 2~3 seedlings per hole, the conventional rice 5~6 seedlings per hole, the basic seedlings should reach 50,000 per acre respectively. ~60,000 and 100,000 to 120,000. The three-crop early rice field should increase the planting density. The age of cockroaches generally does not exceed 35 days, and more than 25,000 holes are planted per acre to achieve high yields with multiple ears. In view of the large amount of seeding in the plastic tray breeding method and the high rate of adulteration, the quality of the individual seedlings is weak, and transplanting should be carried out as soon as possible. If it is not possible to transplant early, it is recommended to use the two-stage breeding method of “sending and planting†to extend the age of the cockroach and strive for transplanting with cockroaches. When the seedlings are taken by the method of moist breeding, it is necessary to make seedlings and mud transplants every time to facilitate the return to green and early tillering.
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