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With the development of electronic components and consumer electronics in the direction of miniaturization, intelligence, and wearable, micro-nano devices based on high-density electronic packaging are required to be flexible and extensible to promote the efficient exchange of people and information. This poses more stringent challenges to the conductive elemental materials that make up the device. In addition to satisfying basic electrical interconnections, conductive elemental materials also require superior mechanical strength, piezoresistive characteristics, and cycle stability. Therefore, the reasonable and effective macro assembly of nanoscale conductive elements is the development trend of high-performance flexible electronic devices in the future. It has important scientific significance and application prospects.
In recent years, flexible or elastic electronic devices fabricated based on one-dimensional carbon nanotube (CNT) materials and zero-dimensional metal nanoparticle hybrid three-dimensional structural materials have been subjected to excellent electrical properties, mechanical flexibility, and piezoresistive characteristics. extensive attention. How to effectively improve the structural stability and strain sensitivity of three-dimensional hybrid materials and develop practically applicable strain sensors (Strain-gauge Sensors) have attracted the attention of many scientific researchers.
To address this issue, a research team composed of Sun Rong, a researcher at the Advanced Materials Research Center of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, associate researcher Zhang Guoping, and doctoral candidate Zhao Songfang, conducted a series of research work on the structural design and assembly of three-dimensional hybrid materials. Excellent performance for three-dimensional carbon nanotube-based structural materials.
The researchers first used hyperbranched polyglycidyl ether (HPG) as a bridge to link the acidified nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) in the form of ester bonds through esterification and HPG as a template to adsorb Ag+. The covalently bonded N-CNTs/Ag hybrid materials were obtained by reduction, and covalently bonded three-dimensional N-CNTs/Ag flexible sponges were prepared by the ice template method and freeze-drying technique, and the internal pore size was adjustable. The covalent bond design gives the three-dimensional material excellent mechanical properties and stability under multiple cyclic deformations. Evenly dispersed silver nanoparticles can significantly increase the charge transfer path and device sensitivity under deformation conditions (Carbon, 2015, 86, 225 -234).
Based on the above work, pyramid-shaped three-dimensional structural materials based on N-CNTs/Ag conductive elements were prepared through multi-stage microstructure and pyramidal mold design; simultaneously, the hybrid conductive elements and adhesion were adjusted according to percolation theory. The proportion of agent realizes resistance mutation of the three-dimensional structure material under the action of strain. When it is in 3% deformation condition, the strain sensor has a GF value of up to 15 (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 22823-22829). Recently, based on the synergistic effect of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and metal nanoparticles, a three-dimensional porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube-based hybrid material has been successfully prepared on a polyurethane (PU) sponge skeleton by a layer-by-layer self-assembly (LbL) technique ( CHAs).
The research results show that the prepared CHAS has excellent resistance stability and high conductivity during multi-cycle deformation, and at the same time can monitor real-time differences in human motion patterns, such as bending speed, bending degree, and state holding time. The preparation method has universality and can develop three-dimensional porous materials with different dimensions to meet the requirements of device preparation for different functional materials. (ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7 (12), 6716–6723).
The above research and previous series of results achieved by the team in the assembly and application of three-dimensional hybrid structural materials were independently completed by the Shenzhen Advanced Institute. The research has received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21201175), the Guangdong Provincial Innovation Research Team (No.2011D052) and the Shenzhen Peacock Project Team (KYPT20121228160843692).
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