Plutella xylostella is one of the common pests of cruciferous crops. Crop seedling infection can lead to death, which seriously affects crop yield and causes great economic losses for farmers. Therefore, farmers must strengthen prevention and control measures for the disease. So, what are the special effects of Plutella xylostella? How to prevent and control Plutella xylostella? This article will introduce the special effects of Plutella xylostella and its control methods in detail. The details are as follows:
Peanut moth morphological characteristics
1 adult: gray-brown, body length 6 ~ 7 mm, wings 12 ~ 15 mm, wings narrow and long, the front edge of the fore wing is yellow and white three-degree meandering ripples, when the two wings are closed, there are three consecutive diamond-shaped spots. The front wing has a long tail.
2 eggs: oval, flat, about 0.3 mm long, yellow-green.
3 Larva: The mature larvae are 10-12 mm long and have a spindle shape. The newly hatched larvae are yellowish white, the mature larvae are light green, and there are two "U" shaped lines composed of small black dots on the front chest plate.
4蛹: It is grayish brown after water green, and it is 5-6 mm long.茧 Spindle shape, mesh. Attach more to the back of the leaf or the neck.
Plutella xylostella
It is well known that Plutella xylostella is a major pest of the world's cruciferous crops. Plutella xylostella is a major pest of the family Lepidoptera, and is the main pest on the cruciferous vegetables. It is also known as the two-headed tip, the corpse worm, the small worm, etc. The Plutella xylostella is an oligophagous pest, which mainly harms the cabbage, purple cabbage, Cauliflower, mustard, followed by cabbage, radish, rape and so on. The newly hatched larva sneaked into the mesophyll to feed, forming a small tunnel; at the beginning of the first or second age, the larva drilled the tunnel and fed the mesophyll on the leaf surface, leaving only the epidermis, showing a transparent skylight; increased food intake after the third age Large, feeding causes holes or nicks, in severe cases, the leaves can be eaten, leaving only the veins; adult worms are small moths, which are harmful to the young stems, young pods and grains.
In the southern regions of Guangzhou and other places in China, Plutella xylostella has been harmed almost all year round; the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have been repeatedly affected in spring and autumn. The average annual number of generations of Plutella xylostella in China is 10-20. Coupled with the wide variety of cruciferous crops, it occurs in many varieties and therefore often causes generational overlap. In this case, long-term single use of certain or certain types of pesticides is more likely to cause pest resistance, making crop production departments and farmers often unprepared, causing heavy losses, and at the same time causing damage to the ecological environment. In China's large-scale agricultural production, due to the still old production methods, there has not been a relatively unified, organized and effective countermeasures and means to control Plutella xylostella. Therefore, following the principle of IPM, a method for comprehensive management of Plutella xylostella was proposed.
What are the special effects of Plutella xylostella?
Apply at the peak of larval egg hatching to the peak of 1-2 years old larvae. The insect has strong resistance, so be careful when using pesticides.
1. For routine control, the 667m2 field can be used with 2.2% emamectin benzoate microemulsion 50 g (1 800 times solution) or 2.5% beta-cypermethrin water (fungrin) 60 g ( 1 200 times solution) for spray control.
2. Green control drugs can be used with 5% flubenzol benzamide suspension 100 g (1 000 times liquid), 24% cyanofluridazole suspension 100 g (700 times liquid), or 10% insects per 667 m2 field. 100 g (1 200 times solution) of phthalonitrile suspension was sprayed.
3. Comprehensive prevention and treatment combined with conventional control drugs and green control, continuous use of pesticide control, can basically reduce the harm of Plutella xylostella. Pay attention to the residue on the cruciferous vegetable crop after the pesticide is used. The medicine must be stopped 7 to 10 days before the harvest of each batch of vegetables to ensure the safety of the quality of the vegetable product.
Plutella xylostella control method
Agricultural control
1. Rational application of organic fertilizer, health care cultivation. Choose resistant (insect-resistant) varieties, such as excellent broccoli. Rational fertilization, fertilization according to the principle of “controlling nitrogen, increasing phosphorus and potassium†to improve vegetable resistance.
2. Avoid the high incidence of pests and clean the garden. Reasonably arrange the mouthwash so that the seedling stage avoids the peak period of Plutella xylostella. After the leafy vegetables are harvested, clean the fields in time to reduce the source of insects.
3. Implement rotation and intercropping to cut off the pest food chain. Avoid planting cruciferous vegetables as much as possible during planting, especially in summer, to control the peak of autumn.
Physical method
Physical methods trap the adult and reduce the number of eggs.
Use frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps or use sugar wine vinegar to trap adult worms and reduce the amount of eggs in the field. It will be formulated into sugar wine vinegar decoy according to the proportion, put into the vessel, and evenly distributed in the field for trapping. Using the phototaxis of the diamondback moth, a black light lamp is trapped every 2/3hm2 of the vegetable field to trap the adult. The application of 20-22 mesh insect nets covers the crops during the whole growth period, which can effectively control the diamondback moth. This method is generally used for protected seedlings and small area test areas.
Biological control
Biological control is the use of metabolites and products of natural enemies, natural enemies or organisms, to control the population and damage of pests.
The main content of biological control: the protection and utilization of natural enemies, the use of biological pesticides , induced infertility technology, the utilization of sex hormones and genetic engineering.
1. Protection and utilization of natural enemies
There are many natural enemies attacking Plutella xylostella, including parasitic wasps, predatory insects and pathogenic pathogens. The proportion of P. xylostella larvae killed by parasitic wasps is large. These bees are attracted to leaves that have previously been eaten by P. xylostella larvae. Once the Plutella xylostella larvae are found, they first use the poisonous hedgehog to injure the worm body and then produce one or more eggs into the worm. As a new generation of bees, they spend their egg hatching and larval growth stages in the larvae of the diamondback moth, killing the nutrients in the larvae of Plutella xylostella and killing them. Then the bee larvae were further transformed into cockroaches and successfully made a new generation of bees fly out. Parasitic wasps are also known as parasitic wasps. It is well known that most species are named in Latin. Some parasitic wasp species only specifically attack one or a few host insect species and are not harmful to humans.
2. Use of biological pesticides
Spray 500-800 times solution of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) suspension agent, or use 1.8% avermectin (Qifusu, Essence, Aifuding) 2000 times liquid spray, BT emulsion, 1% bitter Bio- or plant-based pesticides such as ginseng can avoid killing natural enemies.
More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
(Source: Good Agricultural Investment Merchants Network)
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