Researchers at the University of Delaware have determined that ammonia is a source of engineered fuel cells that can provide cheap and powerful fuel for cars, trucks, and buses, and reduce carbon emissions. A fuel cell is a non-polluting energy source that can convert chemical energy into highly efficient, zero-emission electrical energy.
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Researchers at the University of Delaware are studying technologies that make fuel cells cheaper and more powerful so that fuel cell vehicles can become a viable option for everyone in the future. Traditional fuel cell research involves hydrogen fuel cells, but researchers at the University of Delaware are designing fuel cells that use ammonia.
Researchers have found that among the fuels produced by renewable energy, ammonia has the lowest cost.
Brian Setzler, the lead author of the study and a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Delaware, said: "As a nitrogen-based liquid fuel, ammonia is cheaper to store and distribute than hydrogen and avoids other liquid Carbon dioxide emissions from fuels, and the production costs of these liquid fuels are high. "
However, the challenge of this research is that ammonia does not work in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Ammonia is more difficult to oxidize than hydrogen, which makes ammonia fuel cells produce less power than hydrogen fuel cells. The team solved the first problem by using a hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which has been studied in the laboratory of the distinguished engineering professor Yushan Yan of the University of Delaware for more than ten years. With US $ 2.5 million in funding from the US Department of Energy's ARPA-E fuel replenishment project, the University of Delaware research team designed a fuel cell exchange membrane that can operate at higher temperatures to accelerate ammonia oxidation.
The researchers pointed out that through these improvements, they have demonstrated a new ammonia fuel cell prototype with a peak power density of 135 milliwatts per square centimeter, which makes up most of the performance gap compared to hydrogen.
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