1. Factors affecting the selection of CNC tools
When choosing the type and specification of the tool, the main factors are considered:
(1) Nature of production
The production property here refers to the batch size of the parts, mainly considering the influence on the tool selection from the processing cost. For example, the use of special tools in mass production may be cost-effective, while in single or small batch production, the choice of standard tools is more suitable.
(2) Machine type
The effect of the CNC machine used to complete the process on the selected tool type (drill, turning or milling). High productivity tools such as high speed cutting tools and large feed turning tools are allowed under the condition that the workpiece system and the tool system are rigid.
(3) CNC machining plan
Different types of tools can be used for different CNC machining solutions. For example, the machining of holes can be done with drills and reamers, or with drills and boring tools.
(4) Size and shape of the workpiece
The size and shape of the workpiece also influences the choice of tool type and specification. For example, special surfaces are machined with special tools.
(5) Machining surface roughness
The surface roughness of the machined surface affects the shape and cutting amount of the tool. For example, when rough roughing is used, a coarse-tooth milling cutter can be used, and a fine-tooth milling cutter is preferred for finishing.
(6) Machining accuracy
Machining accuracy affects the type and shape of the finishing tool. For example, the final machining of the hole can be processed by drilling, reaming, reaming or boring according to the accuracy of the hole.
(7) Workpiece material
The workpiece material will determine the choice of the tool material and the geometry of the cutting part. The tool material is related to the machining accuracy of the workpiece and the material hardness.
2. CNC tool performance requirements
Because CNC machine tools have the characteristics of high machining precision, high machining efficiency, concentrated machining process and few parts clamping times, higher requirements are imposed on the CNC tools used. In terms of tool performance, CNC tools should be higher than those used in ordinary machine tools.
When selecting a CNC tool, the first choice is to use the standard tool first. If necessary, you can use a variety of high-efficiency compound tools and special special tools. When selecting a standard CNC tool, it should be combined with the actual situation, as far as possible to choose a variety of advanced tools, such as indexable tools, solid carbide tools, ceramic tools.
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