1. Feed the compound feed. Feeding compound feed is an important way to reduce the cost of fish feed. Fish feeding compound feed has good palatability and comprehensive nutrition, which not only helps to expand feed source, reduce feed coefficient and production cost, but also can improve fish growth rate and meat increase rate, shorten fish culture cycle and reduce fish disease.
2. Choose the right feed formula. Different fish or the same type of fish have different requirements for nutrients in different growth stages and environments. Therefore, according to the feeding characteristics of the main fish, the size of the individual, and the age, the appropriate feed formula should be used to meet the nutritional needs of the main fish without wasting the feed.
3. Adopt a scientific feeding method. Fish culture in ponds should be fed according to the principle of “timed, quantitative, qualitative, and positioningâ€, which makes it easy to observe the feeding situation of fish and reduce feed waste. Feeding and avoiding hunger when full, so that the fish eat unevenly, affecting digestion and growth. In addition, according to the size of the fish body and the temperature of the water, the bait is fed several times a day. The smaller the fish body size, the more times the bait is taken every day; in the warm temperature range, the higher the water temperature, the higher the amount of feeding and the number of feedings. In short, using a small number of multiple feeding methods saves the feed more than once.
4. Pay attention to water quality regulation. Good water quality can promote fish growth, improve feed utilization and reduce feed coefficient. Therefore, in the breeding season, especially in the breeding season, it is necessary to regularly adjust the water quality by adding new water, splashing lime, and starting the incubator.
5. Pay attention to the prevention of fish diseases. Once a fish disease is found in the breeding process, it will affect the feeding of fish. Even if the diseased fish is ingested, the utilization rate of the feed is not high, resulting in waste of feed. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the prevention of fish disease. The main preventive measures include: thoroughly clearing the pond, killing various pathogens and wild fish; excavating excessive silt to avoid the growth of various pathogens; stocking of fish species should be strictly disinfected, and the fish species should not be brought to the pond. Disinfect the wounds; pay attention to the new water every day, and regularly spray the quicklime and disinfectant to disinfect the water, adjust the water quality; regularly feed the drug bait to prevent the occurrence of various harmful fish diseases.
6. Fertilizer fish farming. Fertilizer farming is an effective way to reduce the cost of fish farming feed. Commonly used chemical fertilizers include urea, ammonium bicarbonate, superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, and compound fertilizer. When applying, the principle of less quantity should be mastered. Apply once every 3 to 5 days, apply 2 to 3 kg of urea per mu or 5 to 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 8 to 10 kg of superphosphate. The application of chemical fertilizer can rapidly increase the number of plankton in the pond, and the effect on carp and carp is better.
7. Plant grass to raise fish. Planting grass and raising fish is an effective way to solve the problem of fish feed, reduce feed cost and improve fish farming efficiency. As long as the green feed is planted and arranged during the season, you can have green feed to meet the needs of fish. The forages used for fish farming mainly include ryegrass, Sudan grass, alfalfa, bitter vegetables, pennisetum and red and white clover.
8. Comprehensive fish farming. That is to say, fish-based, fishery, agriculture, animal husbandry, integrated management and comprehensive utilization. All localities can adopt the combination of forest, fruit and grass, and Sangji fish ponds according to local conditions. They can also set up powder workshops and tofu workshops near fish ponds to solve the problem of organic fertilizer and part of feed needed for fish farming, reduce concentrate and feed. Quantity, reduce costs.
9. Insect breeding. Various insects, cockroaches and cockroaches have high protein content and are the top feed for fish. In the summer and autumn season, several insect traps are installed on the water surface of the fish pond to induce various insects to directly feed the fish. Artificially cultivated maggots, cockroaches, and yellow mealworms are also feeds for fish.
10. Fermentation and fertilization of fish. (1) Green manure fermentation application method. Put the green manure grass in the shallow water at the horn of the leeward sun, press the dried manure on the top, and turn it 1 time in 2~3 days to let the fermentation rot and decompose. After the stems and leaves rot, the stalks will be picked up. (2) Manure fertilization application method. Manure should be fully fermented before use. Human waste should be disinfected with 1% to 2% lime to kill pathogens and parasites. The decomposed manure and urine are diluted with 2 times of water, then sprinkled evenly, and the manure is decomposed and piled in the corner of the fish pond. The application rate is generally 250 to 400 kg per mu. (3) Fertilizer fermentation application method. After the green manure and manure are fermented and fermented, the application amount is 250 kg per mu, diluted with water to remove the sediment, and the fertilizer water is evenly poured into the fish pond.
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