Fingerprints are actually more complicated. Unlike manual processing, many biometric technology companies do not directly store fingerprint images. Over the years, many digital algorithms have been produced in various companies and their research institutions (the relevant US laws believe that fingerprint images belong to personal privacy, so they cannot be directly processed). But the fingerprint recognition algorithm ultimately comes down to finding and comparing the features of the fingerprint on the fingerprint image.
Features of fingerprint
?? We have defined two types of fingerprint features for fingerprint verification: overall features and local features. In consideration of local features, British scholar eRHerry believes that as long as 13 feature points are matched, they can be confirmed as the same fingerprint. General features General features refer to those features that can be directly observed with the eye, including: pattern, loop, arch, whorl.
The other fingerprint patterns are based on these three basic patterns. It is not enough to rely on the pattern to distinguish fingerprints. This is only a rough classification. Through more detailed classification, it is more convenient and faster to search fingerprints in a large database.
Pattern Area
The pattern area refers to the area on the fingerprint that includes the overall characteristics, that is, from the pattern area, it can be distinguished which type the fingerprint belongs to. Some fingerprint recognition algorithms only use data in the pattern area. SecureTouch's fingerprint recognition algorithm uses the obtained complete fingerprint rather than just the pattern area for analysis and identification.
Core Point
?? The core point is located at the progressive center of the fingerprint pattern, and it is used as a reference point when reading and comparing fingerprints. Many algorithms are based on core points, which can only process and identify fingerprints with core points. The core point is very important for SecureTouch's fingerprint recognition algorithm, but it can still handle fingerprints without a core point.
Triangle point (Delta)
?? The triangle point is located at the first bifurcation point or break point from the core point, or the intersection of two stripe roads, isolated points, turning points, or points to these singular points. The triangle points provide the starting point for the counting of fingerprint traces.
Ridge Count: Refers to the number of fingerprint lines in the pattern area. When calculating the number of fingerprints, the core point and the triangle point are generally connected first. The number of intersections between this line and the fingerprint lines can be considered as the number of fingerprints.
Local features
?? Local features refer to the features of the nodes on the fingerprint. These nodes with certain features are called feature points. Two fingerprints often have the same overall characteristics, but their local characteristics-characteristic points, can not be exactly the same.
?? The fingerprint pattern is not continuous, smooth and straight, but often interrupted, bifurcated or discounted. These breakpoints, bifurcation points and turning points are called "feature points". It is these characteristic points that provide the confirmation information of the uniqueness of the fingerprint. There are four different characteristics of the nodes on the fingerprint: There are the following types of feature points, the most typical of which are endpoints and bifurcation points.
Ending point-A stripe road ends here.
Bifurcation-A striped path is divided into two or more lines here.
Ridge Divergence-Two parallel lines are separated here.
Dot or Island-a very short line, so that it becomes a point.
Enclosure-After a stripe splits into two, it immediately merges into one. A small ring formed in this way is called an enclosing point.
Short Ridge (Short Ridge)-one end is shorter but does not become a little bit of a line.
Orientation-The node can be oriented in a certain direction.
Curvature—Describes the speed at which the grain direction changes.
Position-The position of a node is described by (x, y) coordinates, which can be absolute or relative to a triangle point or feature point.
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