National Agricultural Meteorology

Summary of this tenth

Most of the light and warm water conditions in the northeastern region are suitable, which is basically beneficial to crops such as corn and soybean. The light and temperature of the northwestern, north China, and Huanghuai agricultural areas are well matched, and the lyrical conditions are suitable, which is conducive to the growth and development of autumn harvest crops. However, the precipitation in the north and south of North China is more than 1 to 4 times, and some farmland has wet waterlogging or heavy rain and flood disasters. . More sunny weather in the Jianghuai, Jianghan, Jiangnan, and northern China is conducive to the first season of rice, the earing, the early rice harvesting and the late rice returning to the green tiller; but some areas have high temperature, which is unfavorable for the first season of rice heading and cotton flowering and late rice greening. The strong storm brought by Typhoon â€œVicenteâ€ caused some losses to the agriculture and fisheries in central and southern South China. Most of the southwestern agricultural areas have more rainy days, especially in the Sichuan Basin, where the crops are growing and the normal development is adversely affected.

Main weather characteristics of this week

The temperature in most parts of the country is close to normal or high in the same period. The temperature in the central and southern parts of Huanghuai, Jianghuai, eastern Jianghan and northern Xinjiang is 2~4Â°C (Fig. 1), and 7-10 days in the western part of Jianghuai, eastern Jianghan and central and northern parts of Jiangnan. The highest temperature in the day is â‰¥35 Â°C; the temperature in the north of Heilongjiang, the northerly part of Inner Mongolia, the northeastern part of Shaanxi, and the western part of Xinjiang is 1~2 Â°C lower. The precipitation in the northeastern part of the northeast, the central and eastern parts of the northwestern part of China, the majority of Inner Mongolia, the eastern part of the northwestern part of China, the eastern part of the southwestern part of China, and the central and western parts of southern China are 30% to 1 times more than normal. The precipitation in most parts of North China is 100-250 mm (Figure 2). ), more than 1 to 4 times; precipitation in most parts of Huanghuai, Jianghuai, Jianghan, and Jiangnan is less than 30% to 1 times (Figure 3). Most of the country's agricultural areas have good light conditions, but the southwestern part of the northwestern part, the central part of North China, the northeastern part of the country, the central and western parts of the Sichuan Basin, the western part of Guizhou, and most of Yunnan have less than 50 hours of sunshine (Figure 4).

Figure 2 Precipitation in late July 2012

Figure 3 Precipitation anomalies in late July 2012

Figure 4 Sunshine hours in late July 2012

Current crop growth and development report

Early rice: Most of Jiangnan and South China have been harvested (Figure 5).

Late rice: most of the south of the Yangtze River and northern part of China are in the period of greening to tillering, and the south and south of South China are in the stage of sowing and breeding (Figure 6).

Figure 5 Early rice development in late July 2012

Figure 7 Rice development period in the second quarter of July 2012

Figure 8 Spring wheat development period in late July 2012

One season of rice: the northeastern region is in the booting to heading period, the Jianghuai, Jianghan and eastern Jiangnan are in the tillering to booting stage, and the southwestern region is in the heading to filling stage (Fig. 7).

Spring wheat: Most of the northwestern region, Inner Mongolia and northeastern China are in the mature harvest stage, and a small part is in the stage of heading to milking (Fig. 8).

Spring maize: Most of the northern part is in the tasseling stage; most of the southwestern part is in the period of maturity to maturity; harvesting in Guangxi is completed (Fig. 9).

Soybeans: Most of the Northeast China is in the pod-forming period; North China and Huanghuai are in the formation of the side branches to the flowering stage (Figure 10).

Figure 9 Spring corn development period in late July 2012

Figure 10 Soybean development period in late July 2012

Figure 11 Summer corn development period in late July 2012

Figure 12 Cotton development period in late July 2012

Summer maize: Northwest China, North China, and Huanghuai East are at jointing stage. Most of the western and southwestern areas of Huanghuai are in the tasseling stage, and some parts of the southwest are already mature (Figure 11).

Cotton: Most of Xinjiang, the Yellow River Basin and the Yangtze River Basin are in flowering stage, and Xinjiang has entered the bell-and-bubble period (Figure 12).

Potatoes: Most of them are in the period of flowering to tuber expansion, and some areas in the southwest enter the acceptable period (Figure 13).

Tobacco: Most of the country is in a leaf harvest period (Figure 14).

Figure 13 Potato development period in late July 2012

Figure 14 Tobacco development in late July 2012

Figure 15 Sugarcane development period in late July 2012

Figure 16 Forage development in late July 2012

Sugar cane: Most of it is in the stem elongation period (Figure 15).

Pasture: Most of the northern pastoral areas are in flowering (Figure 16).

Analysis of Agricultural Meteorological Conditions in Main Agricultural Areas

Northeast: Most of the temperature in the northeastern region is close to normal. The hydrothermal conditions in most agricultural areas can basically meet the growth and development needs of corn, rice, soybean and other crops. In the north and southeast of the northeastern region, there is less sunshine, and the precipitation is 80% to 2 times higher. Some farmland soils are too wet or subjected to heavy rains and floods, which is unfavorable for the first season of rice and spring corn.

Northwest, North China, Huanghuai, Inner Mongolia: The temperature in most areas is normal or high, and the light is sufficient. The light and temperature in most of the time are well matched, and the farmland is suitable for growth, which is conducive to the growth and development of corn, cotton, soybean and other crops. Large-scale precipitation will occur in the latter half of the year, which is conducive to soil growth, storage and agricultural storage. However, precipitation in some areas of North China, Hetao area, etc. is more than 1 to 4 times, and there is less sunshine. The soil has wet waterlogging and farmland accumulation, which has certain adverse effects on crop growth and development; some farmland suffers from heavy rain due to heavy rainfall. Disasters, crops such as corn and cotton have fallen, farmland, sheds have been flooded or agricultural facilities have been damaged.

Jianghuai, Jianghan: Most of the weather is good, which is conducive to the growth and development of crops such as rice and cotton. However, the daily maximum temperature of â‰¥35Â°C in the eastern part of Jianghan and the western part of Jianghuai is 7-10 days, which has certain adverse effects on the rice seedlings and cotton flowering in one season. The precipitation is less and the temperature is higher, which causes the soil moisture in some areas of Hubei Province to decline. Dry elephant outcrop.

Jiangnan and South China: Most of the south of the Yangtze River and the northern part of South China are more sunny and less rainy, which is conducive to the early rice harvesting and drying and the late rice returning to the green tiller; most of Hunan and Jiangxi have high temperature of 3 to 7 days with a maximum temperature of â‰¥35 Â°C, which is in the stage of transplanting and rejuvenation. Late rice has certain adverse effects.

Affected by "Vicente" and the southwest monsoon, the precipitation in the central and southern parts of South China is more than 30% to 2 times, and the rainy days are as long as 7 to 9 days. The sunshine is less, which has an adverse effect on early rice harvesting and late rice transplanting; some farmland Under floods, crops were flooded and destroyed, and high-stalk crops such as bananas and sugar cane were broken and lodging, and agricultural and fishery production suffered losses.

Southwest: Most of the precipitation is slightly more, the sunshine is less, and the rainy days are as long as 5 to 9 days. Especially in the Sichuan Basin, it is rainy and tidy, which has an adverse effect on the paddy grouting and spring corn grouting in the first season. Some farmland in Sichuan Basin and other places have serious waterlogging disasters, and the rainy, moderate temperature and high-humidity field environment has caused the rapid occurrence and spread of crop pests and diseases in Sichuan Basin and Guizhou.

Main agricultural meteorological disasters

The main agricultural meteorological disasters in the tense were storms, floods, high temperatures, winds, and pests (Figure 17).

Heavy rains and floods: heavy rains occurred in northern North China, the southwestern part of China, and southern South China. Heavy rains and floods occurred in some areas, causing some farmland to be flooded and destroyed, and agricultural production suffered heavy losses. From July 21 to 22, there were regional heavy rains in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei to the torrential rain. The heavy rain in Beijing was the strongest in the past 61 years, and Tianjin was the strongest in the past 34 years. The heavy rain caused a large flood disaster. The Jinji crop was affected by 348 thousand hectares, of which corn was the most affected. In the latter part of the year, affected by the strong storms brought by the typhoon â€œVicenteâ€, some of the early rice that had not been harvested in southern China was flooded, causing crops to fall, farmland being flooded and destroyed, fish ponds and ponds, and agricultural infrastructure damaged.

High temperature: The high temperature of the highest temperature in the eastern part of Jianghan, the western part of Jianghuai, and the north-central part of the south of the Yangtze River is â‰¥35Â°C, which is 7-10 days. It is unfavorable for the heading of a rice paddy and the transplanting of late rice.

Popularity: The winds and floods from July 21 to 22 caused 40,000 hectares of crops in Tianjin Beichen District, Wuqing District and Qixian County. On July 22, Yuzhong County, Huludao City, Liaoning Province, thunderstorms and windy weather, crops affected by 9000 hectares. The windstorm disaster from July 23 to 24 caused 6,000 hectares of crops in Jingzhou, Yichang and Enshi 3 cities (autonomous prefectures) in Hubei.

Pests and diseases: Most of the northeastern regions have frequent precipitation in the late part of the year, and some rice fields have large air humidity in the field. The moderate temperature and high humidity environment is conducive to the occurrence and development of rice blast. At present, rice blast has a wide range of occurrence, many disease sites and high bacterial bases. Among them, rice blast in Jilin City and Tonghua City of Jilin Province is seriously affected.