The growth and flowering of bananas are affected by the nutrients and endogenous hormones in the plants and the external environmental conditions (climate, soil, management level). They are often restricted by certain aspects during the growth and development process, which affects the yield and quality of banana fruits. . The plant is good or bad, and the size of the pseudo-stem can be used as a basis for measuring the yield of the plant. The taller and taller the plant, the higher the yield. But sometimes you will see that some stems are not big, but the ears are bigger than the stems. This phenomenon is related to the difference in endogenous hormone status between banana plants. Although the vegetative growth of some plants is prosperous, the production and accumulation of endogenous hormones affecting reproductive growth are hindered, resulting in vegetative growth and reproductive growth disorders, resulting in a phenomenon of tall stems and small spikes. According to reports, the most rapid development of fruit, generally consistent with the highest auxin content. The parthenocarpy of bananas is due to the fact that the ovary itself contains more gibberellin, which promotes the expansion and continued development of the ovary. It can be seen that the growth and development of bananas are not only restricted by their own nutrient supply and the external environment, but also by endogenous hormones. Experiments and production practices have shown that bananas can also control the growth and development of banana plants and banana fruit by using artificial plant growth regulators . According to foreign reports, 0.01-0.4% of ethephon, 0.05%-0.15% chlormequat (CCC), 0.0025%-0.01% of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) sprayed 5 months or 7 months after planting of fragrant bananas. ), 0.15% of chlormequat was the most highly reduced plant height compared to the untreated control, while 0.01% of ethephon increased the plant height the most, and 0.01% of naphthalene acetic acid produced the highest yield, 1 hectare. The yield increased by 6495 kg (17.9%), and each treatment had no significant effect on fruit quality. In China, in 1976, Jian Jianqiu used 80% naphthaleneacetic acid 50g plus urea 500g and water 50kg in Shunde, and sprinkled fruit 100 spikes. The spraying effect of banana fruit in more than 50% meat was significant (premature spray, fruit finger deformation, skin Thickening is not smooth), the effect of spraying refers to an increase of 2.8 cm, a thickening (circumference) of 1.2 cm, an increase of 1.4 kg per ear, but the fruit growth period is delayed by 15 days. From 1976 to 1977, Cao Deqin of South China Agricultural College used 2,4-D to treat the fruit of three or four percent meat. The yield of 000l% of 2,4-D group was the highest, followed by 0.0005% group, which increased yield by 74.1% compared with no treatment. 57.7%. In 1978, Ling Xinghan sprayed 0.02% 920 and 0.25% potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the 60% succulent banana fruit in the Henan horticultural field in Guangzhou, increasing production by 15%. From 1987 to 1988, the Xinglong Overseas Chinese Farm in Hainan Province used the oil-promoting agent 802 plus the ingot (fertilizer) before the banana buds, and used water to form a concentration of 0.001l% solution. When the banana formed the head, the heart leaf and the top leaf were sprayed 1 or 2 times. After the bud, each comb is sprayed once, until the bud is broken, which increases the yield by 3.1 kg per spike and increases the sugar content. In recent years, banana farmers in Zhongshan, Panyu and Dongguan have successfully applied 2,4-D fruit spray in recent years, and have received good results in increasing fruit fingers, improving banana fruit quality and increasing economic benefits. The specific dosage is: 50% 2,4-D tablets 1/3~1/2 tablets, diluted with 15000g of water, and then added with a small amount of phytochemicals; 98% 2,4-D powder 0.1g, used After dissolving the alcohol, dilute with 14.8 to 21.8 kg of water, then add 20 ml of phytochemicals and mix well. It is advisable to spray the fruit fingers 2 to 4 times 10 days after the flower buds bloom to the broken buds. (The author believes that: this period is the most appropriate treatment. It is observed that the whole stage of fruit development is the fastest stage of fruit index elongation 10 days after flowering to bud break.) Spray mist point is small, spray to no dripping .
When using plant growth regulators, the following points should be noted:
1 First determine the concentration of use, and then understand how much the sterling amount of the drug contains, and then carry out the corresponding dilution preparation. For the effective and safe concentration of each agent, a small area test must be carried out in advance, and the experience should be promoted before application. The market-based growth agent or experience of using others should be tested first. Only in this way can we ensure safety. To achieve the purpose of increasing production, improving quality and increasing income. It is common for some banana farmers to master the use of these drugs, and to completely spray the fruit, causing the loss of phytotoxicity. The serious fruit fingers turn yellow and wilted, the light fruit is not combed, and the fruit is deformed. This is very inappropriate.
2 Master the best period of spraying, require no phytotoxicity, and secondly increase the yield and improve the fruit quality.
3 Choose good external conditions. Generally, the growth regulator should work at a higher temperature, so it is necessary to avoid the low temperature in winter, preferably at a temperature above 20 °C, and after 3 pm on a sunny day.
Finally, it should also be recognized that in order to achieve high yield, high quality and high efficiency of bananas, the main thing is to rely on varieties. Adequate fertilizer supply and good management level, the use of growth agents is only an auxiliary technical measure.
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