Since the beginning of August, the national rare earth strategy that has been brewing for a long time is speeding up.
Recently, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region officially issued documents clarifying that the rare earth strategic resources within the scope of the whole autonomous region are exclusively owned by Baotou Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd.; at the same time, the five southern provinces (Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan) 15 cities Co-signed the "Joint Action Plan for Rare Earth Development and Supervision Areas in 15 Cities of the Five Provinces of the South"; the Ministry of Commerce commissioned the Minmetals Chamber of Commerce to convene a meeting of major rare earth enterprises on the 13th to discuss the next year's rare earth export work arrangements, and the rare earth export quotas will be possible. Further reduction.
Wang Caifeng, deputy director of the Raw Materials Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out that China's rare earth export restrictions only target rare earth raw materials, but encourage the export of rare earth processed products. This statement also points out the purpose of the national rare earth strategy: no longer to do raw material exporting countries, but to introduce more deep processing technology and seek the right to speak in the industrial chain.
As the Chinese government strengthened its control over rare earth resources, developed countries that had relied heavily on China's rare earth exports had begun to transfer deep processing projects to China, or to find (restart) rare earth resources elsewhere.
Japan calls on China to increase rare earth exports
After protesting against China's rare earth strategy in Europe and the United States, Japan, one of China's biggest beneficiaries of cheap rare earths, has also joined the "protest" camp.
Japanese officials last week called for China to expand, rather than limit, the export of rare earth resources. The Japanese Ministry of Trade said that since China announced in July to reduce the export of rare earth resources, the market price of some rare earth elements has increased by 20%. The Japanese Ministry of Trade also said: "Although other countries such as the United States also have rare earth resources, China is the only producer with relatively low price. But since the news was released by China, the price of rare earth has also skyrocketed."
Because rare earth resources are crucial for the production of computers, mobile phones, and low-carbon vehicles in Japan's booming industry, China's rare earth restrictions, and the resulting price increases, have made Japanese companies nervous. It is reported that officials of the Japanese House of Representatives and cabinet assistants of the Ministry of Trade have already traveled to China to express concerns about rising rare earth prices to relevant departments. The Japanese side also hopes to reiterate this request in the Sino-Japanese economic talks to be held next week.
At present, the total reserves of rare earth resources in the world are 88 million tons, of which China's rare earth resource reserves account for only 31% of the world, CIS reserves account for 22% of the world, and the United States accounts for 15%. With 30% of the world's reserves, China supplies more than 95% of the world's demand, which is called "gold sells cabbage prices." Due to the low price of rare earths in China, American Lede closed its own rare earth mines in 1985, all of which were imported from China; Japan also imported a large amount of Chinese rare earths.
40% reduction in quotas
According to Zhang Anwen, deputy secretary-general of the China Rare Earth Society, in 2009, China's rare earth production was 124,800 tons, which supplied more than 95% of the global demand. In addition to China, Russia's rare earth production last year was 2,470 tons, the United States 1,700 tons, and India 50 tons. Although China's rare earth reserves first, output first, and export first, it has not obtained the pricing power of rare earth.
However, the application value of rare earths in the industrial field has become increasingly prominent. Rare earth has the reputation of “industrial MSG†and “mother of new materialsâ€. It has excellent optical, electrical, magnetic, superconducting and catalytic properties. It is widely used in cutting-edge technology fields (such as new energy, national defense military). Non-renewable strategic resources.
Therefore, seeking the pricing power of rare earth has become the key to the national rare earth strategy. Xu Guangxian, the "father of rare earths" and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that he hopes that China will have the pricing power of rare earths, greatly increase the price of rare earths, make China's rare earth industry truly gain economic benefits, and make rare earths the key to China's future high-tech development in the world.
A government official in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Rare Earth Capital) said that resource-rich regions are hoping to enter the more profitable downstream processing industry and are reluctant to provide only raw materials; China is reluctant to be the world's factory forever.
Reducing export quotas is an important means for China to seek the pricing power of rare earths. Since 2007, China has gradually reduced its rare earth export quotas, and the price of rare earth has risen. In 2009, China's rare earth export quota was around 50,000 tons, and this year the Ministry of Commerce has issued an export quota of 30,258 tons of rare earth products, a drop of 40% compared with 2009.
On August 13, the Ministry of Commerce commissioned the Minmetals Chamber of Commerce to convene a meeting of major rare earth enterprises to discuss the next year's rare earth export work arrangements, and the rare earth export quotas may be further reduced. The relevant Japanese authorities last week to China to negotiate with China, is to express concerns about the reduction of export quotas and seek solutions.
The development of rare earth strategy in the North and South divisions
China's rare earths are mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia and the five southern provinces. The rare earths in the north are mainly 镨 and 钕, while the southern minerals are mainly 钇-rich minerals. Xu Guangxian, the father of rare earths, pointed out that it is hoped to strengthen the Northern Rare Earth Group with Baotou Steel as the core and the Southern Rare Earth Group with Minmetals as the core. The two groups will strengthen cooperation and strengthen China's rare earth industry.
Judging from the current initiatives of relevant government departments, Xu Guangxian’s vision is becoming a reality.
At the beginning of this year, Baotou Steel Rare Earth officially announced the implementation of Baotou rare earth raw material product strategic reserve plan, and was supported by the autonomous region, Baotou City and Baotou Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. to build 10 total reserves of over 200,000 tons of rare earth oxide reserves. facility. According to Liu Zhihong, director of the Planning and Development Department of Baotou Steel Group, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has officially issued documents to clarify that the strategic resources of rare earths within the scope of the whole autonomous region are exclusively owned by Baotou Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd.
Compared with the northern rare earths, which are mainly concentrated in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, the rare earths in the south are widely distributed, mining is easy, and there are many rare earth enterprises. Therefore, the difficulty of integration is also relatively large. On August 10th, 15 cities in the five southern provinces and regions jointly signed the "Joint Action Plan for Rare Earth Development and Supervision Areas in 15 Cities of the Five Provinces of the South". According to the plan, joint regulatory actions are implemented in the enterprise sector to “explore the establishment of a unified platform for the electronic trading of rare earth mineral products, etc., to enhance the agglomeration effect of the regional mining industry; strengthen the self-discipline of the industry, form a joint negotiation pricing mechanism for minerals between enterprises and the distribution mechanism of mineral products. ".
Hong Guangyan, a researcher in rare earth resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that Baotou in the north has achieved certain results in the control of mining in recent years. The South has launched a linkage mechanism to increase the protection of rare earths. From a national perspective, it is seeking a north-south balance of rare earth protection.
Gong Bin, chairman of Zhangzhou Jidong Rare Earth Co., Ltd. also said that there are more entities in the southern enterprises, and it is impossible to form a price monopoly. In addition, monopoly prices also have drawbacks. What the South should take is the "middle route" that conforms to both the market and the government.
Latest News
Foreign companies are busy looking for alternative resources
Affected by factors such as rising prices of rare earth products, reduction of China's rare earth export quotas, and smuggling of rare earth products, some foreign companies have begun to look for sources of rare earths outside China to ease supply pressures. The US molybdenum mining company has recently begun preparations for the restoration of the development of the Mountain Pass REE mine (the mine is the largest rare earth mine in the United States, closed 20 years ago), with an estimated annual production capacity of over 10,000 tons and is expected to be in the next two or three years. Put into production. At the same time, Australia, Canada, Japan, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Vietnam, India and other countries are also implementing or planning to develop rare earth mines.
- Analysis
Deep processing into a development direction
It is understood that with the development of technology, the application fields of rare earths are more and more extensive, and there is much to do in new energy, new technologies and new materials. Rare earths are shifting from “industrial MSG†to “industrial foodâ€. Internationally, electric vehicles, wind turbines, lighting, computer hard drives, mobile communications, etc. all require large amounts of rare earths. However, China's rare earth deep processing technology has lagged far behind developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan, and can only export primary products. The huge profits of the deep processing of rare earths have remained abroad.
According to Academician Gan Yong, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and chairman of the China Rare Earth Society, in order to promote the development of China's rare earth technology, the national “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†will set up special rare earth special funds, and the Ministry of Science and Technology will allocate 300 million to 450 million yuan. Support the development and application of rare earths. The National Development and Reform Commission is also studying the use and industrialization of rare earth functional materials as a national strategy. Rare earth functional materials and luminescent materials may be written into the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†as a major strategic project.
Wang Caifeng, deputy inspector of the Raw Materials Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out at the "China Baotou Rare Earth Industry Forum" held recently that "we must focus on breaking through a number of key technologies, promote the industrialization of independent intellectual property rights, and realize the sustainable development of the rare earth industry."
Wang Caifeng said that China's rare earth export restrictions only target rare earth raw materials, but encourage the export of rare earth processed products. The implication is that the policy encourages foreign rare earth deep processing enterprises to set up factories in China, thus promoting the development of China's rare earth deep processing technology and seeking the right to speak in the industrial chain.
China’s measures to limit the export of rare earth raw materials have been effective. Zhang Zhong, general manager of Baotou Steel Rare Earth (Group) High-Tech Co., Ltd. said on Sunday that due to the sharp reduction in rare earth export quotas, international users will face a supply shortage of about 20,000 tons this year. “It is expected that a large number of foreign-funded enterprises will start moving rare-earth processing plants to mainland China this year.†Li Min, an analyst at Everbright Securities, also warned that foreign companies may face some resource supply risks unless they decide to transfer production to China.
It is reported that there are about 50 foreign-funded enterprises operating in the Baotou Rare Earth High-tech Zone. Last Monday, the Korea Industrial Bank signed a cooperation agreement with Baotou High-tech Zone to guide Korean electronics manufacturers and automakers to Baotou, and to establish or establish a rare earth processing plant with China. A manager of the Japanese trading company Mitsui & Co., Ltd. in China also said that Mitsui & Co., Ltd. is guiding Japanese companies to invest in China's rare earth processing industry.
Recently, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region officially issued documents clarifying that the rare earth strategic resources within the scope of the whole autonomous region are exclusively owned by Baotou Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd.; at the same time, the five southern provinces (Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan) 15 cities Co-signed the "Joint Action Plan for Rare Earth Development and Supervision Areas in 15 Cities of the Five Provinces of the South"; the Ministry of Commerce commissioned the Minmetals Chamber of Commerce to convene a meeting of major rare earth enterprises on the 13th to discuss the next year's rare earth export work arrangements, and the rare earth export quotas will be possible. Further reduction.
Wang Caifeng, deputy director of the Raw Materials Division of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out that China's rare earth export restrictions only target rare earth raw materials, but encourage the export of rare earth processed products. This statement also points out the purpose of the national rare earth strategy: no longer to do raw material exporting countries, but to introduce more deep processing technology and seek the right to speak in the industrial chain.
As the Chinese government strengthened its control over rare earth resources, developed countries that had relied heavily on China's rare earth exports had begun to transfer deep processing projects to China, or to find (restart) rare earth resources elsewhere.
Japan calls on China to increase rare earth exports
After protesting against China's rare earth strategy in Europe and the United States, Japan, one of China's biggest beneficiaries of cheap rare earths, has also joined the "protest" camp.
Japanese officials last week called for China to expand, rather than limit, the export of rare earth resources. The Japanese Ministry of Trade said that since China announced in July to reduce the export of rare earth resources, the market price of some rare earth elements has increased by 20%. The Japanese Ministry of Trade also said: "Although other countries such as the United States also have rare earth resources, China is the only producer with relatively low price. But since the news was released by China, the price of rare earth has also skyrocketed."
Because rare earth resources are crucial for the production of computers, mobile phones, and low-carbon vehicles in Japan's booming industry, China's rare earth restrictions, and the resulting price increases, have made Japanese companies nervous. It is reported that officials of the Japanese House of Representatives and cabinet assistants of the Ministry of Trade have already traveled to China to express concerns about rising rare earth prices to relevant departments. The Japanese side also hopes to reiterate this request in the Sino-Japanese economic talks to be held next week.
At present, the total reserves of rare earth resources in the world are 88 million tons, of which China's rare earth resource reserves account for only 31% of the world, CIS reserves account for 22% of the world, and the United States accounts for 15%. With 30% of the world's reserves, China supplies more than 95% of the world's demand, which is called "gold sells cabbage prices." Due to the low price of rare earths in China, American Lede closed its own rare earth mines in 1985, all of which were imported from China; Japan also imported a large amount of Chinese rare earths.
40% reduction in quotas
According to Zhang Anwen, deputy secretary-general of the China Rare Earth Society, in 2009, China's rare earth production was 124,800 tons, which supplied more than 95% of the global demand. In addition to China, Russia's rare earth production last year was 2,470 tons, the United States 1,700 tons, and India 50 tons. Although China's rare earth reserves first, output first, and export first, it has not obtained the pricing power of rare earth.
However, the application value of rare earths in the industrial field has become increasingly prominent. Rare earth has the reputation of “industrial MSG†and “mother of new materialsâ€. It has excellent optical, electrical, magnetic, superconducting and catalytic properties. It is widely used in cutting-edge technology fields (such as new energy, national defense military). Non-renewable strategic resources.
Therefore, seeking the pricing power of rare earth has become the key to the national rare earth strategy. Xu Guangxian, the "father of rare earths" and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that he hopes that China will have the pricing power of rare earths, greatly increase the price of rare earths, make China's rare earth industry truly gain economic benefits, and make rare earths the key to China's future high-tech development in the world.
A government official in Baotou City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Rare Earth Capital) said that resource-rich regions are hoping to enter the more profitable downstream processing industry and are reluctant to provide only raw materials; China is reluctant to be the world's factory forever.
Reducing export quotas is an important means for China to seek the pricing power of rare earths. Since 2007, China has gradually reduced its rare earth export quotas, and the price of rare earth has risen. In 2009, China's rare earth export quota was around 50,000 tons, and this year the Ministry of Commerce has issued an export quota of 30,258 tons of rare earth products, a drop of 40% compared with 2009.
On August 13, the Ministry of Commerce commissioned the Minmetals Chamber of Commerce to convene a meeting of major rare earth enterprises to discuss the next year's rare earth export work arrangements, and the rare earth export quotas may be further reduced. The relevant Japanese authorities last week to China to negotiate with China, is to express concerns about the reduction of export quotas and seek solutions.
The development of rare earth strategy in the North and South divisions
China's rare earths are mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia and the five southern provinces. The rare earths in the north are mainly 镨 and 钕, while the southern minerals are mainly 钇-rich minerals. Xu Guangxian, the father of rare earths, pointed out that it is hoped to strengthen the Northern Rare Earth Group with Baotou Steel as the core and the Southern Rare Earth Group with Minmetals as the core. The two groups will strengthen cooperation and strengthen China's rare earth industry.
Judging from the current initiatives of relevant government departments, Xu Guangxian’s vision is becoming a reality.
At the beginning of this year, Baotou Steel Rare Earth officially announced the implementation of Baotou rare earth raw material product strategic reserve plan, and was supported by the autonomous region, Baotou City and Baotou Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. to build 10 total reserves of over 200,000 tons of rare earth oxide reserves. facility. According to Liu Zhihong, director of the Planning and Development Department of Baotou Steel Group, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has officially issued documents to clarify that the strategic resources of rare earths within the scope of the whole autonomous region are exclusively owned by Baotou Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd.
Compared with the northern rare earths, which are mainly concentrated in Baotou, Inner Mongolia, the rare earths in the south are widely distributed, mining is easy, and there are many rare earth enterprises. Therefore, the difficulty of integration is also relatively large. On August 10th, 15 cities in the five southern provinces and regions jointly signed the "Joint Action Plan for Rare Earth Development and Supervision Areas in 15 Cities of the Five Provinces of the South". According to the plan, joint regulatory actions are implemented in the enterprise sector to “explore the establishment of a unified platform for the electronic trading of rare earth mineral products, etc., to enhance the agglomeration effect of the regional mining industry; strengthen the self-discipline of the industry, form a joint negotiation pricing mechanism for minerals between enterprises and the distribution mechanism of mineral products. ".
Hong Guangyan, a researcher in rare earth resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that Baotou in the north has achieved certain results in the control of mining in recent years. The South has launched a linkage mechanism to increase the protection of rare earths. From a national perspective, it is seeking a north-south balance of rare earth protection.
Gong Bin, chairman of Zhangzhou Jidong Rare Earth Co., Ltd. also said that there are more entities in the southern enterprises, and it is impossible to form a price monopoly. In addition, monopoly prices also have drawbacks. What the South should take is the "middle route" that conforms to both the market and the government.
Latest News
Foreign companies are busy looking for alternative resources
Affected by factors such as rising prices of rare earth products, reduction of China's rare earth export quotas, and smuggling of rare earth products, some foreign companies have begun to look for sources of rare earths outside China to ease supply pressures. The US molybdenum mining company has recently begun preparations for the restoration of the development of the Mountain Pass REE mine (the mine is the largest rare earth mine in the United States, closed 20 years ago), with an estimated annual production capacity of over 10,000 tons and is expected to be in the next two or three years. Put into production. At the same time, Australia, Canada, Japan, Brazil, Kazakhstan, Vietnam, India and other countries are also implementing or planning to develop rare earth mines.
- Analysis
Deep processing into a development direction
It is understood that with the development of technology, the application fields of rare earths are more and more extensive, and there is much to do in new energy, new technologies and new materials. Rare earths are shifting from “industrial MSG†to “industrial foodâ€. Internationally, electric vehicles, wind turbines, lighting, computer hard drives, mobile communications, etc. all require large amounts of rare earths. However, China's rare earth deep processing technology has lagged far behind developed countries such as Europe, the United States and Japan, and can only export primary products. The huge profits of the deep processing of rare earths have remained abroad.
According to Academician Gan Yong, vice president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and chairman of the China Rare Earth Society, in order to promote the development of China's rare earth technology, the national “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†will set up special rare earth special funds, and the Ministry of Science and Technology will allocate 300 million to 450 million yuan. Support the development and application of rare earths. The National Development and Reform Commission is also studying the use and industrialization of rare earth functional materials as a national strategy. Rare earth functional materials and luminescent materials may be written into the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†as a major strategic project.
Wang Caifeng, deputy inspector of the Raw Materials Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, pointed out at the "China Baotou Rare Earth Industry Forum" held recently that "we must focus on breaking through a number of key technologies, promote the industrialization of independent intellectual property rights, and realize the sustainable development of the rare earth industry."
Wang Caifeng said that China's rare earth export restrictions only target rare earth raw materials, but encourage the export of rare earth processed products. The implication is that the policy encourages foreign rare earth deep processing enterprises to set up factories in China, thus promoting the development of China's rare earth deep processing technology and seeking the right to speak in the industrial chain.
China’s measures to limit the export of rare earth raw materials have been effective. Zhang Zhong, general manager of Baotou Steel Rare Earth (Group) High-Tech Co., Ltd. said on Sunday that due to the sharp reduction in rare earth export quotas, international users will face a supply shortage of about 20,000 tons this year. “It is expected that a large number of foreign-funded enterprises will start moving rare-earth processing plants to mainland China this year.†Li Min, an analyst at Everbright Securities, also warned that foreign companies may face some resource supply risks unless they decide to transfer production to China.
It is reported that there are about 50 foreign-funded enterprises operating in the Baotou Rare Earth High-tech Zone. Last Monday, the Korea Industrial Bank signed a cooperation agreement with Baotou High-tech Zone to guide Korean electronics manufacturers and automakers to Baotou, and to establish or establish a rare earth processing plant with China. A manager of the Japanese trading company Mitsui & Co., Ltd. in China also said that Mitsui & Co., Ltd. is guiding Japanese companies to invest in China's rare earth processing industry.
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