Tenebrio molitor is one of the main pests in the bag, which is harmful to the bagged pear fruit. Tenebrio molitor is dark and dark. If the mouth of the bag is not tightly sealed, the fruit bag has no insect-proof effect, and it is easy to drill into the bag from the mouth of the bag and the ventilating drain. In the middle of June, the fruit was transferred to the fruit. In the middle of August, when the fruit was near maturity, it was the most serious, and the fruit often caused the bag to fall off. The key to prevention and control is to reduce the number of orchards in the orchard. The mid-July and mid-August are the key periods for the control of Tenebrio molitor. The better-performing agents are 40% dimethoate emulsion, 80% dichlorvos emulsion, 2.5% deltamethrin and 20%. A pyrethroid emulsion, etc. In the case of a bagged pear orchard that is seriously damaged, it is necessary to take out the bag to spray the medicine or to reduce the number of insects and then pack the bag.
Black spot
Black spot disease mainly harms fruits, leaves and young shoots. There is a significant difference in the degree of disease between breeds. Among the Japanese pear varieties, the green pears represented by the 20th century are the most serious, and the brown pears represented by Fengshui and Xingshui are more resistant to black spot disease. In addition, pear gardens with poor ventilation and light transmission, weak tree, ground area water and partial nitrogen fertilizer are susceptible to disease. The black spot disease germ tube can penetrate the newspaper bag to damage the fruit, so the newspaper bag must be oiled to prevent black spot. Black spot disease has reinfection characteristics, so it should be sprayed regularly during the whole growing season. The agents with good control effect on black spot disease are 10% polyoxymycin, 50% dasenium, 65% zinc and 200 times the lime multi-type Bordeaux mixture and the like.
Pear hibiscus
Pear mites are mainly harmful to the leaves, and they are dark and dark. The mucus secreted under high temperature and high humidity conditions is easily parasitic to produce black mold. The secreted secretions on the leaves are washed by the rainwater and flow to the fruits in the bag to produce dark spots. If the secretions infiltrate into the fruit through the bag, they will produce concave black spots, causing indirect harm to the fruits.
The control of the insect should focus on the early stage, strengthen the prevention and control of the overwintering adult larvae and the first generation of nymphs during the flowering period, and pay attention to the prevention and control of the first generation of adults. If the pear raft is not controlled during this time, the next generation will produce a large amount of mucus to protect the worms, increasing the difficulty of prevention.
Bitter disease
Bitter acne is a physiological disease caused by calcium deficiency in fruits, which is aggravated after bagging. In the early stage of fruit onset, lesions were formed from the flesh under the peel, and the lesions were slightly sunken and dark. Under the lesion, the flesh showed a sponge-like brown spot. The flesh of the diseased part gradually shrinks and becomes a honeycomb shape, and the epidermis is necrotic, showing a brown spotted lesion.
The young trees are severely affected, and the mature trees and weak trees are lightly affected. The larger the fruit is, the heavier the disease is; the soil organic matter content is low, the ammonia nitrogen content is high, and the groundwater level is high, and the calcium deficiency is serious. Add calcium fertilizer and organic fertilizer, or spray 400 times of amino acid calcium twice in 3 to 4 weeks after flowering.
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