Amaranth belongs to the perennial perennial vegetable of Liliaceae. It has strong adaptability, resistance to cold and heat, and is cultivated everywhere in China. Many areas in the south can be produced all the year round. Although the upper part of the northern winter is dead, the underground part is dormant, and the spring topsoil is germinated and grows long.
Soil preparation
1.1 Site preparation must be a thing, planting in the north and south. Before the sowing, apply high-quality soil fertilizer or chicken manure 5000kg, phosphate fertilizer 150kg, deep turn 30cm, then the whole width is 2m, leaving 1m operation between the sputum and the sputum to cover the winter.
1.2 Suitable sowing of leek can be live or nursed and transplanted. Live broadcast, usually in the middle and late April, at the latest in mid-May. First, the coffin clods are watered in a fine manner, and then a groove of 8 cm in width and 2 cm in depth is drawn according to the row spacing of 30 cm, and the bottom water is poured. The seeds were then evenly sprinkled into the trenches and covered with a layer of 1 cm thick fine soil. The acre is 3-4kg with amaranth seeds. After sowing, it is necessary to spray a special herbicide for leek to prevent weeds before emergence. Conditionally, after sowing, the mulch is covered with mulch, so that the leeks are ripe and fast. Seedling transplanting method, seedlings can be planted in March, when the seedlings grow to 20cm, transplanting, line spacing 30cm, plant spacing 2cm. Watering immediately after transplanting to ease the seedlings. This method can promote the growth of amaranth evenly and thick.
2. Spring and summer festival leeks field management
2.1 Fertilizer management The growth of amaranth is relatively slow after emergence. At this time, water should be watered in time. When watering, a small amount of urea is applied to promote the seedlings. Generally, the amaranth should be poured twice when it grows to 3 leaves. Do not water and fertilize during the summer without drought. After the autumn, re-apply a fertilizer, using 50kg of diammonium and 100kg of bean cake. The method is to fertilize the ridge and fertilize the soil after the fertilization, and then continuously water the water twice, and then no longer water and top dressing.
2.2 timely cultivating and weeding to control the weeds in the field can be used 33% weeding pass 100-150g / acre.
2.3 Prevention of lodging When the amaranth grows to 50cm, it is most likely to fall. It should be placed in the raft, and the leeks should be lined up. It is not allowed to collapse the leeks, which will affect the winter yield.
3. Carry out research on cultivation techniques and explore high-efficiency cultivation techniques
3.1 Variety selection test The experiment was conducted in No. 0 vegetable field in Sanlian West District. The tested varieties were 4 common amaranth varieties, namely Pingyi No. 6, Pingyi No. 4, No. 791 and Jidong No. 1. Set 4 treatments, 3 repetitions, and random block arrangement. 4-5kg per acre, 4000kg per mu, plus 50kg of compound fertilizer, 50kg of urea in June and July, and 40kg of urea after cutting the old amaranth in late October. At the same time, the control of pests and diseases was carried out at the end of December and the end of January of the next year. The test results showed that Pingyi No. 6 had the highest yield, with an average yield of 2580 kg per mu, and the yield difference reached a very significant level. Pingyi 6 is characterized by strong growth potential, strong cold resistance, thick stems and leaves, dark green, wide leaves, good taste and strong storability.
3.2 Cultivation Density Test Set 3kg, 3.5kg, 4kg, 4.5kg, 5kg per acre, a total of 5 treatments, 3 repetitions, random group arrangement, the test variety is Pingyi No.6, 4000kg per mu and compound fertilizer 50kg, 60~ months of urea application in June and July, 40kg of urea after cutting old leeks in late October, and control pests and diseases such as cockroaches, and cut the yield of leeks by the end of December and the end of January. 2003, In the two-year output analysis in 2004, the yield of 4.5kg per mu was the highest, and the average yield per acre was 2630kg. The difference in yield reached a significant level. The field of 4.5kg per acre showed good population density, consistent growth, and comprehensive yield. highest.
3.3éŸè›†Prevention and treatment test 8-10 months, choose to be separated 10 days, 15 days, 20 days, 25 days, 30 days for prevention and treatment, the agent selected 50% phoxim 1000 times liquid irrigation, 30% Liben net 2kg mix 50kg of fine soil is sprinkled on the roots to prevent it. The two pesticides are used interchangeably. After comparison, the effect of prevention and control once every 15 days is the most economical and ideal, and the yield is also the highest, equivalent to an average of 2470kg per mu.
3.4 The fertilizer test shall be based on the base fertilizer test, the relay fertilizer test and the post-feeding test. The base fertilizer test consists of applying 2000kg, 3000kg, 4000kg and 5000kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and adding 50kg of urea per treatment. Compared with the yield and benefit, it is best to use 4000kg of organic fertilizer per acre and 50kg of urea, which is equivalent to an average per mu. The output is 2610kg. The relay fertilizer test was carried out with 20 kg, 30 kg, 40 kg, and 50 kg of urea per mu. In the first ten days of July, the use of observation and calculation of production on rainy days was the best, with 30 kg of urea per acre being the best, with an average yield of 2540 kg per mu. The fertilizer test was carried out in the late November of the year after cutting the old leeks and applying 30 kg, 40 kg, 50 kg, and 60 kg of urea per mu. It is best to apply 40 kg of urea per mu, equivalent to 2630 kg per mu.
4. Winter shed management
4.1 Materials prepared in advance to prepare the shed material, 3m wide leeks special film (purple film) 100kg per mu, 3m long bamboo pieces per acre 300, 3m long, 1.2m wide straw curtain 300, urea 50kg and pesticides.
4.2 Water and fertilizer management After the light snow, most of the amaranth is yellow to death, when the water has returned to the roots. First use the trowel to clean all the leeks, then dig the ridges and apply 50 kg of urea, then pour a water. When watering, 0.3kg of phoxim is applied per acre to control pests such as underground cockroaches.
4.3 After the watering of the arch shed protection facility for 3 days, first set up the arch shed according to one piece of bamboo per m, then cover the film and cover the straw curtain to ensure that the shed will keep 20 °C -25 °C during the day and 8 °C-12 °C at night.
4.4 After controlling the diseased arch shed, about 18 days, the leeks will be out. When the leeks grow to 5-7cm, spray 75% chlorothalonil and quick-kling 500 times mixture to prevent leek white spots and dry tip disease. When the amaranth grows to a height of 20cm, spray it again to prevent the disease from happening. At this time, increase the amount of air. The temperature in the shed during the day should not exceed 30 °C.
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