Individual protection of poisons and corrosives

Recognize toxic and corrosive chemicals

Poisoning and corrosiveness are another important hazardous characteristic of hazardous chemicals. Most dangerous chemicals are toxic. For example, potassium chlorate is both an oxidant and a highly toxic substance; carbon monoxide is classified as a flammable gas in GB 13690 and is also toxic; formic acid and hydrofluoric acid are both corrosive, toxic, and toxic. Therefore, many dangerous chemicals have both flammable and explosive properties, and they are also toxic and corrosive. The hazards of hazardous chemicals and corrosive chemicals to operators are reflected in poisoning and chemical burns, respectively. The hazards of hazardous chemicals to objects are mainly corrosion to equipment and buildings.

Poisonous and corrosive chemicals harm the human body

Toxic and corrosive products have some damage to the human body. The poisonous products cause poisoning of the human body mainly through oral or inhalation of human vapor or through skin contact. Corrosion products cause chemical burns to the body through skin contact. Some poisons and corrosives can catch fire on their own, and some do not ignite on their own, but can catch fire when they come in contact with other combustibles. The following basic countermeasures should generally be taken for fires of such items.

Relevant protection against toxic and corrosive chemicals

(1) Firefighters must wear protective clothing and wear protective masks. Under normal circumstances, full body protection can be used. Special protective clothing should be used for fires with special requirements. Taking into account the limitations of the scope of filter-type gas mask anti-virus, in the fight against poison fires should use isolated oxygen or air mask. In order to properly use and adapt to the fire, strict adaptive training should be conducted in peacetime.
(2) Actively rescue injured and trapped people and limit the scope of combustion. The fires of poisons and corrosive products can easily cause casualties. After the fire-fighting personnel take protective measures, they should immediately invest in finding and rescuing the work of injured and trapped persons, and work hard to limit the scope of combustion.
(3) When fighting, use low-pressure water or spray water to avoid corrosion and poisonous products spilling. In the case of acid or alkali corrosion products, it is best to administer the corresponding neutralizing agent for dilution and neutralization.
(4) Leakage of poisonous and corrosive product containers should be taken after the extinguishing of fire. Corrosion products need to be plugged with anti-corrosion materials.
(5) Concentrated sulphuric acid will release a lot of heat when it encounters water, which will lead to boiling and splashing. Special attention must be paid to protection. When fighting the fire in contact with concentrated sulfuric acid and other flammable materials, when the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid is small, a large amount of low-pressure water can be used to quickly save the fire. If the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid is large, use carbon dioxide, dry powder, halogenated alkanes, etc. to extinguish the fire, and then separate the fired items from the concentrated sulfuric acid.

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